How do you write J, K, V, W, X or Y in Ogham?

The Ogham alphabet has no letter for them, so this page leaves each one as the Latin letter you typed, lists it as unresolved and draws it as a dashed circle on the stem. When one of them appears, the page offers substitutions beside the text: J as I, K as C, V as F or U, W as F or U, X as C and S, and Y as I. Nothing is substituted until you pick one, and every pick is listed in the readout.

Does this translate English into Irish?

No. It writes the spelling you type in Ogham letters, one letter at a time, which is transliteration: it does not translate words or change how a name is spelled. To see an Irish name in Ogham, type its Irish spelling, such as Bríd or Seán; the accents fold to their base letters and each fold is listed.

Which direction is Ogham read?

Carved on standing stones it usually runs up an edge from the bottom; written in manuscripts it runs left to right. The diagram does either: vertical reads bottom to top and horizontal reads left to right, one stem per line of text. The Ogham text you copy is always in reading order, so the first letter you typed comes first.

Why do I see empty boxes instead of Ogham letters?

Your browser draws the Ogham text with a font already on your system, and a system with no Ogham font shows boxes or blanks. The text is still the right Unicode characters and shows properly wherever an Ogham font is installed. The stem diagram, its SVG and its PNG are drawn as lines rather than with a font, so the strokes look the same on every system.

What are the Ogham feather marks and the space mark?

U+169B OGHAM FEATHER MARK opens a line of Ogham and U+169C OGHAM REVERSED FEATHER MARK closes it; turn Feathers on and every line gets both. U+1680 OGHAM SPACE MARK separates words and is drawn as a stretch of stem. Spacing can also use a plain space, which breaks the stem, or run the words together, and the count of spaces run together is shown.

What happens to ng, st and vowel pairs such as ea or oi?

By default every letter is written on its own, so ng is nion then gort. Join ng, st writes ng as ngeadal (U+168D) and st as straif (U+168E); Join ng, st, vowels also writes ea, oi, ui, ia or io, and ae as eabhadh, or, uilleann, ifin and eamhancholl. Pairs join by spelling, left to right inside a word, and each joined pair is listed.

How are accented letters such as á or í handled?

By default an accented Latin letter folds to its base letter, so í is written as iodhadh and listed as í to i. Set Accents to Flag them and the letter stays as typed and is listed as unresolved instead. A letter with no A to Z base, such as ß or Ж, always stays as typed and flagged.

Ogham Alphabet Transliterator

Type a name in Latin letters and read it in the Unicode Ogham alphabet letter by letter, with the Ogham letter, name and code point shown for each character. Twenty letters map; J, K, V, W, X and Y have no Ogham letter, so they stay flagged in the text and on the diagram until you pick one of the substitutions listed beside them, and digits or punctuation stay as typed and are counted rather than dropped. The stem diagram reads from the bottom up or left to right, is drawn as lines so it needs no Ogham font, and downloads as SVG or PNG.

textLatin letters, read letter by letter

Ogham

The Ogham appears here as you type.

Your browser's fonts draw this text. On a system with no Ogham font it shows as empty boxes; the diagram is drawn as lines and needs no font.

accents

pairs

spacing

feathers

diagramdrawn as lines

The stem diagram draws here as you type, one stem per line, with each letter named beside it.

Letters mapped

none yet

Unresolved

none

Accents folded

none

Substituted

none

Pairs joined

none

Kept as typed

none

Worked examples

ABCA, B, C
ᚐᚁᚉ, U+1690 U+1681 U+1689
J in Jonesno substitution picked
Jᚑᚅᚓᚄ with J flagged; with J as I picked it becomes ᚔᚑᚅᚓᚄ and the swap is listed
Bríd, vertical diagramB, R, Í, D in that order
bottom to top: ᚁ beith, ᚏ ruis, ᚔ iodhadh, ᚇ dair
Seán, pairs joinedea as one letter
ᚄᚕᚅ: ea joined as eabhadh, á folded to a

The Ogham alphabet in this scheme

All 26 letters of the Unicode Ogham block in their traditional order, with the marks and the six Latin letters that have no Ogham letter here. The drawing column is the diagram's own line drawing, so it shows even where the Ogham column shows boxes.

Ogham	Code point	Unicode name	Group	Latin here
ᚁ	U+1681	OGHAM LETTER BEITH	aicme beithe	B
ᚂ	U+1682	OGHAM LETTER LUIS	aicme beithe	L
ᚃ	U+1683	OGHAM LETTER FEARN	aicme beithe	F
ᚄ	U+1684	OGHAM LETTER SAIL	aicme beithe	S
ᚅ	U+1685	OGHAM LETTER NION	aicme beithe	N
ᚆ	U+1686	OGHAM LETTER UATH	aicme hÚatha	H
ᚇ	U+1687	OGHAM LETTER DAIR	aicme hÚatha	D
ᚈ	U+1688	OGHAM LETTER TINNE	aicme hÚatha	T
ᚉ	U+1689	OGHAM LETTER COLL	aicme hÚatha	C
ᚊ	U+168A	OGHAM LETTER CEIRT	aicme hÚatha	Q
ᚋ	U+168B	OGHAM LETTER MUIN	aicme muine	M
ᚌ	U+168C	OGHAM LETTER GORT	aicme muine	G
ᚍ	U+168D	OGHAM LETTER NGEADAL	aicme muine	ng, when ng and st are joined
ᚎ	U+168E	OGHAM LETTER STRAIF	aicme muine	Z; st, when ng and st are joined
ᚏ	U+168F	OGHAM LETTER RUIS	aicme muine	R
ᚐ	U+1690	OGHAM LETTER AILM	aicme ailme	A
ᚑ	U+1691	OGHAM LETTER ONN	aicme ailme	O
ᚒ	U+1692	OGHAM LETTER UR	aicme ailme	U
ᚓ	U+1693	OGHAM LETTER EADHADH	aicme ailme	E
ᚔ	U+1694	OGHAM LETTER IODHADH	aicme ailme	I
ᚕ	U+1695	OGHAM LETTER EABHADH	forfeda	ea, when vowel pairs are joined
ᚖ	U+1696	OGHAM LETTER OR	forfeda	oi, when vowel pairs are joined
ᚗ	U+1697	OGHAM LETTER UILLEANN	forfeda	ui, when vowel pairs are joined
ᚘ	U+1698	OGHAM LETTER IFIN	forfeda	ia and io, when vowel pairs are joined
ᚙ	U+1699	OGHAM LETTER EAMHANCHOLL	forfeda	ae, when vowel pairs are joined
ᚚ	U+169A	OGHAM LETTER PEITH	forfeda	P
	U+1680	OGHAM SPACE MARK	mark	a word space, when Spacing is Space mark
᚛	U+169B	OGHAM FEATHER MARK	mark	opens each line, when Feathers is on
᚜	U+169C	OGHAM REVERSED FEATHER MARK	mark	closes each line, when Feathers is on
J			Latin	no Ogham letter: flagged until you pick I (ᚔ)
K			Latin	no Ogham letter: flagged until you pick C (ᚉ)
V			Latin	no Ogham letter: flagged until you pick F (ᚃ) or U (ᚒ)
W			Latin	no Ogham letter: flagged until you pick F (ᚃ) or U (ᚒ)
X			Latin	no Ogham letter: flagged until you pick C and S (ᚉᚄ)
Y			Latin	no Ogham letter: flagged until you pick I (ᚔ)

Transliteration, not translation. A letter-for-letter transliteration of Latin spelling into the Unicode Ogham block, U+1680 to U+169F: not a translation into Irish or Primitive Irish, and not a historical spelling of any name. Twenty Latin letters have an Ogham letter here; J, K, V, W, X and Y stay flagged until you pick one of the listed substitutions, letters with no A to Z base such as ß or Ж stay flagged, and every substitution, joined pair and folded accent is listed beside the result.

Common questions

How do you write J, K, V, W, X or Y in Ogham?: The Ogham alphabet has no letter for them, so this page leaves each one as the Latin letter you typed, lists it as unresolved and draws it as a dashed circle on the stem. When one of them appears, the page offers substitutions beside the text: J as I, K as C, V as F or U, W as F or U, X as C and S, and Y as I. Nothing is substituted until you pick one, and every pick is listed in the readout.
Does this translate English into Irish?: No. It writes the spelling you type in Ogham letters, one letter at a time, which is transliteration: it does not translate words or change how a name is spelled. To see an Irish name in Ogham, type its Irish spelling, such as Bríd or Seán; the accents fold to their base letters and each fold is listed.
Which direction is Ogham read?: Carved on standing stones it usually runs up an edge from the bottom; written in manuscripts it runs left to right. The diagram does either: vertical reads bottom to top and horizontal reads left to right, one stem per line of text. The Ogham text you copy is always in reading order, so the first letter you typed comes first.
Why do I see empty boxes instead of Ogham letters?: Your browser draws the Ogham text with a font already on your system, and a system with no Ogham font shows boxes or blanks. The text is still the right Unicode characters and shows properly wherever an Ogham font is installed. The stem diagram, its SVG and its PNG are drawn as lines rather than with a font, so the strokes look the same on every system.
What are the Ogham feather marks and the space mark?: U+169B OGHAM FEATHER MARK opens a line of Ogham and U+169C OGHAM REVERSED FEATHER MARK closes it; turn Feathers on and every line gets both. U+1680 OGHAM SPACE MARK separates words and is drawn as a stretch of stem. Spacing can also use a plain space, which breaks the stem, or run the words together, and the count of spaces run together is shown.
What happens to ng, st and vowel pairs such as ea or oi?: By default every letter is written on its own, so ng is nion then gort. Join ng, st writes ng as ngeadal (U+168D) and st as straif (U+168E); Join ng, st, vowels also writes ea, oi, ui, ia or io, and ae as eabhadh, or, uilleann, ifin and eamhancholl. Pairs join by spelling, left to right inside a word, and each joined pair is listed.
How are accented letters such as á or í handled?: By default an accented Latin letter folds to its base letter, so í is written as iodhadh and listed as í to i. Set Accents to Flag them and the letter stays as typed and is listed as unresolved instead. A letter with no A to Z base, such as ß or Ж, always stays as typed and flagged.

A letter-for-letter transliteration of Latin spelling into the Unicode Ogham block, U+1680 to U+169F: not a translation into Irish or Primitive Irish, and not a historical spelling of any name. Twenty Latin letters have an Ogham letter here; J, K, V, W, X and Y stay flagged until you pick one of the listed substitutions, letters with no A to Z base such as ß or Ж stay flagged, and every substitution, joined pair and folded accent is listed beside the result.