What is the supported number range?

Canonical whole numbers from 1 to 3999. 2026 is MMXXVI, 1994 is MCMXCIV, and 3999 is MMMCMXCIX. Zero, negatives, fractions and larger overbar notation are outside this standard workflow.

How are CD, CM, XLVI and XXIV read?

CD is 400, CM is 900, XLVI is 46 and XXIV is 24. The converter shows each additive or subtractive piece and its total.

Why are IC, XM, VXI or IIII rejected?

The converter uses canonical subtractive notation: I before V or X, X before L or C, and C before D or M. V, L and D do not repeat or subtract. Some historical clock faces use IIII, but this workflow uses IV for four.

Can I convert a birthday, wedding date or tattoo date?

Yes. Calendar dates converts month, day and year separately. Choose month/day/year, day/month/year or year/month/day, with dots, slashes, dashes or spaces. It returns plain date text, with no font or tattoo artwork generation.

Can I read a Roman date back into English digits?

Choose Roman to date and select the order used in the source. II.XXIX.MMXXIV in month/day/year is February 29, 2024. The Gregorian date is validated; two-digit years are treated as actual years rather than guessed centuries.

Where are the complete and printable charts?

Complete chart includes every selected integer from 1 to 3999. Choose 1 to 10, 100, 1000 or a custom range. Both CSV and PDF include the entire range; the PDF can be printed.

Does it calculate chords, arithmetic expressions or extended Roman notation?

No. Music harmony analysis, expressions, historical numeral variants, overbars and values above 3999 are separate workflows. This converts standard integers and calendar date components, with no code-library or API installation.

Roman Numeral Converter

Convert a whole number into standard Roman numerals, or read a numeral back into digits with its additive and subtractive breakdown. Use Calendar dates to convert a birthday or anniversary component by component, and Complete chart for consecutive ranges with CSV and printable PDF exports.

Number to RomanMMXXVIM = 1000 · M = 1000 · X = 10 · X = 10 · V = 5 · I = 1

Number or Roman numeral

How it breaks down

M
1000
M
1000
X
10
X
10
V
5
I
1
Total
1000 + 1000 + 10 + 10 + 5 + 1 = 2026

The six subtractive pairs

IV1 before 5
4
IX1 before 10
9
XL10 before 50
40
XC10 before 100
90
CD100 before 500
400
CM100 before 1000
900

Standard notation. The converter and complete chart use 1 to 3,999 without overbars, zero or negative values. Calendar dates convert each component separately; this produces text for an anniversary or engraving, with no font or artwork generation. The PDF includes every selected chart row and can be printed.

Common questions

What is the supported number range?: Canonical whole numbers from 1 to 3999. 2026 is MMXXVI, 1994 is MCMXCIV, and 3999 is MMMCMXCIX. Zero, negatives, fractions and larger overbar notation are outside this standard workflow.
How are CD, CM, XLVI and XXIV read?: CD is 400, CM is 900, XLVI is 46 and XXIV is 24. The converter shows each additive or subtractive piece and its total.
Why are IC, XM, VXI or IIII rejected?: The converter uses canonical subtractive notation: I before V or X, X before L or C, and C before D or M. V, L and D do not repeat or subtract. Some historical clock faces use IIII, but this workflow uses IV for four.
Can I convert a birthday, wedding date or tattoo date?: Yes. Calendar dates converts month, day and year separately. Choose month/day/year, day/month/year or year/month/day, with dots, slashes, dashes or spaces. It returns plain date text, with no font or tattoo artwork generation.
Can I read a Roman date back into English digits?: Choose Roman to date and select the order used in the source. II.XXIX.MMXXIV in month/day/year is February 29, 2024. The Gregorian date is validated; two-digit years are treated as actual years rather than guessed centuries.
Where are the complete and printable charts?: Complete chart includes every selected integer from 1 to 3999. Choose 1 to 10, 100, 1000 or a custom range. Both CSV and PDF include the entire range; the PDF can be printed.
Does it calculate chords, arithmetic expressions or extended Roman notation?: No. Music harmony analysis, expressions, historical numeral variants, overbars and values above 3999 are separate workflows. This converts standard integers and calendar date components, with no code-library or API installation.

Exact for canonical Roman integers from 1 to 3,999. Date components are validated in the proleptic Gregorian calendar. Charts and exports include every selected integer in that range. Overbars, historical variants, zero, time-of-day conversion and typography are outside this workflow.